According to some traditions Sennacherib was the adopted son of King Sargon II, but other sources do not mention this. He was Sargon's successor.
During his reign the old enmity between Assyria and Egypt flared up again, and as Judah was an ally of Egypt, Sennacherib besieged Jerusalem, although he was unsuccessful (see: II Kings 19), after Hezekiah paid a heavy tribute.
Sennacharib was succeeded by his son, Esarhaddon after being assassinated by two of his other sons, Adrammelich and Sharezer, in Nineveh.