Kipling, J. Rudyard

Kipling was born to English parents in Bombay, but when he was six years old he and his sister were sent back to England, where they were fostered until 1877 by a rigidly Calvinistic family who abused him physically and emotionally, while favoring his sister. His mother eventually returned to England and rescued him. He then went to a brutal boarding school until he rejoined his parents in India when he was 17, to work as a journalist.

He and his wife lived in Vermont for a short time but returned to England. His books include Plain Tales from the Hills, Jungle Book, Captains Courageous, Kim, and the Just So Stories.

In 1907 he won the Nobel Prize for literature.

References

Dever, Maria, and Dever, Aileen. Relative Origins: Famous Foster and Adopted People. (Portland: National Book Company, 1992)
Microsoft Encarta 98 Encyclopedia, 1993-97
Dictionary of National Biography
Microsoft Encarta 98 Encyclopedia, 1993-97
Greene, Carol. Rudyard Kipling, Author of the Jungle Books. (Chicago: Children's Press, 1994) (Rookie Biographies)
Martinez, Gabriel A. "Rudyard Kipling: A Brief Biography." Available at: http://www.stg.brown.edu/projects/hypertext/landow/victorian/kipling/rkbio.html
"The Life of Kipling." Formerly available at: http://198.64.44.31/htmls/rowhtml/kipling/page2.html

Indexes

European
India
Uk/great Britain
USA
19th Century
20th Century
Literature
Multiple or Unspecified
School-age Years, Adolescence
Sent to Boarding School, Apprenticed or Fostered as Part of Normal Traditional Child-Rearing
Child's Illness or Handicaps
Temporary Care
Customary or Traditional Adoption, Informal and Extra-Legal Care
Institutional Care
Birth Siblings Placed Together