Customary or Traditional Adoption, Informal and Extra-Legal Care

Includes non-Western types of adoption, excludes "unofficial" care by relatives.

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Agbabi, Patience, Akabusi, Kriss, Amo, Anton Wilhelm, Argentinian Orphans of the Dirty War, Arthur, Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children, Baiul, Oksana, Basavis (under Devadasi), Bates, Daisy, Beley, Ennis, Bemo, John, Big Day, William, Bogams (under Devadasi), Bradford, William, Brown, Mick, Burke, Kathy, Burnum, Burnum, Caddell, James, Capitein, Jacobus, Captives, Carver, George Washington, Charbonneau, Jean Baptiste, Chinese Qing Dynasty, Chips, Horn, Clitus Niger, Cockenoe, Coolidge, Sherman, Crazy Horse, Cross, June, Cyrus the Great, Davidson, Tommy, Davis, John, de Rossi, Giovanni Battista, Devadasi, Eastman, Charles Alexander, Eliezer, Faka'osilea, Lorris, Finch, Peter, Fitzgerald, Ella, Fox, Ruth May, Gardiner, Wira, Garrison, William Lloyd, Gaveston, Piers, Geisha, God's Wife, Griffis, Joseph, Hannibal, Abram Petrovich, Harrison, Pakariki, Hawai'ian Royal Families, Hensley, Albert, Henson, Matthew Alexander, Hokusai, Honorific Adoption, Houston, Samuel, Hyde, Orson, India (Princely States), Iti, Tame, Jackson, Henry, Jameson, Derek, Janissaries, Jesus Christ, Jogatis (under Devadasi), Jones, Frederick McKinley, Joseph the Carpenter, Jumping Bull, Kano Sansetsu, Karna, Kean, Edmund, Kipling, J. Rudyard, Kiribati, Kishi Nobusuke, Kitt, Eartha, Krishna, Laurent, Robert, Lehmann, Henry, Lewis, Edmonia, Lone Wolf II, Lonewolf, Delos Knowles, Mabo, Edward Koiki, Mabon Mab Modron, Mahuta, Robert Te Kotahitanga a Koroki, Mandela, Nelson Rolihlahla, Manus, Maretu II, Mariner, William, Maui, Mbeki, Thabo Mvuyelwa, Melville, Herman, Mihinui, Dorothy Huhana, Mo Keen, Loki, Monroe, Marilyn, Morgan, Tukoroirangi, Moses, Mountain Wolf Woman, Natis (under Devadasi), Native American and Alaskan Native Children, Nazi Germany, Norwegian Ruling Families, O'Connell, James F., Omahuru, Ngatau, Perrott, Caroline, Pitt River Charley, Pomare Dynasty, Poutapu, Wiremu Te Ranga, Poutu, Liana, Powell, Peter John, Pryderi, Radisson, Pierre-Esprit, Rat-Children of Shah Daula, Ratahi, Topsy Stewart, Ratana, Raniera Te Ao Hou, Ratana, Tahupotiki Wiremu, Restavecs, Roach, Archie, Roman Empire, Romulus and Remus, Sacagawea, Saigo Siro, Seal, Semiramis, Shabbona, Shenandoah, Simon, Ella, Sissay, Lemn, Slaves, Slocum, Frances, Sykes, Annette, Taare, Sonny, Tamaiti Whangai, Tangiia Nui, Te Ariki Upoko Tini, Te Waharoa, Te Wiata, Inia, Tekakwitha, Kateri, Thevardiyar (under Devadasi), Tiepolo, Giovanni Battista, Tolkien, J.R.R., Tonore, Airini, Trokosi, Tu Tapu, Valero, Helena, von Kleist, Heinrich, Whitbread, Fatima, William the Conqueror, Wright, Allen, Yoshida Shigeru, Ystumllyn, John, Zaid bin Haritha,

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Bemo, John

Bemo, born Talamasmico in or before 1825, was the nephew of the great Seminole Chief Osceola. When he was nine or 10 (in 1835) his father died after a drunken brawl in St. Augustine, Florid... [more]

Big Day, William

Big Day was adopted and raised in the traditional ways of his people by his adoptive grandparents. He was baptized a Roman Catholic but later converted to the Tipi Way sect of the Native Am... [more]

Bogams (under Devadasi)

Devadasi (mainly of Maharashtra and Karnataka states) and related practices ( Maharis in Kerala, Natis in Assam, Muralis in Maharashtra, Bogams in Andhra Pradesh, Jogatis and Basa... [more]

Bradford, William

Bradford was born into a well-off family in Yorkshire, but his father died in 1591. His mother remarried in 1593 and William was then raised by his grandfather and uncles as a farmer. Wh... [more]

Brown, Mick

Brown's birth mother died of TB when he was a baby of seven months and he was informally fostered in Auckland by a white woman and her daughter, in a loving family. He knew his elderly birt... [more]

Burke, Kathy

Burke's mother died of cancer when she was 18 months old, and she spent the next two years in foster care with family friends, until she was able to rejoin her father and two older brothers... [more]

Burnum, Burnum

Burnum was born Harry Penrith (he took an Aboriginal name after his great grandfather in 1976) into a nomadic Aboriginal family at Wallaga Lake, New South Wales. When his mother died soon a... [more]

Caddell, James

Caddell was an English cabin-boy on a sealing ship, the Sydney Cove, in Foveaux Strait, between Stewart Island and the South Island of New Zealand, when he was captured by the local Maori p... [more]

Capitein, Jacobus

Capitein was a former slave brought to the Netherlands by a Dutch ship captain. In Leiden he attended school, learned several European languages and in 1742 he became a clergyman after theo... [more]

Captives

The capture of children and adults in war and by raiding parties was and still is a fairly common practice. They were occasionally intended as food, sometimes used as hostages, more often a... [more]